The GPS tracking system is a marvelous invention. People are finding more and more uses for this state of the art technology. It is saving money and, arguably, lives. Used by individuals, small businesses, huge companies, and fleet owners, GPS tracking devices have also been employed by law enforcement agents to track the whereabouts of suspects, although the legality of the latter has been fought in court.
While it has been argued that such use by law enforcement agencies is a violation of the 4th amendment prohibiting unlawful search and seizure, that argument has been struck down in court. At least one judge has argued that attaching a GPS device to the vehicle of someone they have reason to suspect is engaged in criminal is tantamount to following the suspect. No warrant is needed.
According to one lawyer whose area of interest is cyber crime, as long as the tracking device is installed on a "public" part of the vehicle, such as on the bumper or underneath, there is no violation of the 4th amendment. GPS tracking and its uses by the police continue to be a tricky subject, however.
What is not debatable is the benefit derived by business owners who use GPS devices to keep an eye on their drivers. Speed can be monitored so safety increases. Stop time is reported and headings are recorded. Therefore, drivers waste less time; overtime is cut; more stops are made daily; and fleet cars assigned to employees are not used for personal trips. GPS tracking records are also useful tools in billing verification! Needless to say, the devices are very useful in tracking stolen vehicles. In fact, some states now require insurance companies offer a reduction to customers whose vehicles have tracking devices.
Vehicles carrying real time GPS tracking devices can be located from any computer or other device able to access the internet. The uses of these devices are plentiful. Whether you are in business, the police force, or even the parent of a teen with a brand new driver's license, the benefits are immediately clear.
By: Fabian Toulouse..
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If you are looking for GPS tracking and its uses by the police, make sure to look into a premiere GPS provider.
Get An Advantage With A Pipeline Map And Gis
Information is the most sought after asset today. Who ever possesses more information and can manipulate it into their advantage has an extra edge over any competition. Because of this you should be on the look out for any reliable sources that can boost you into that position.
Pipelines are very important for the survival of the United States. They supply all those needy consumers with the products they need daily like natural gas and petroleum derived products. This industry is no exception from the statement made above, but where to get reliable information?
Something that you will always find in companies that conduct their activities in the oil and natural gas industry is a pipeline map. This is the first stage in every informational process, so this has to be accurate in order to present the information correctly.
If you want an accurate representation of all the major pipelines that cross the territory of the United States, you should visit the website rextagstrategies.com. Here you can find a pipeline map that you can hang on a wall covering different areas of the country and you can choose the one that is closely related to your interests. And that’s not all.
If you are interested in highly detailed information on each pipeline in particular, you can also try the pipeline map book. There are over 40 pages that present you with details about any aspect of pipelines. The less technical terminology makes this book easy to read and understand, while providing a competitive advantage for all the companies involved in the industry.
The team at Rextag Strategies is conducting their daily activities for providing highly accurate and detailed information regarding US pipelines. Another product that can help you increase your competitive advantage is the pipeline GIS.
Making a decision often relies in visual information, rather than statistics and edits. The dedicated team of highly skilled cartographers and researchers have developed the Rextag Strategies digital pipeline GIS, so the analysis of data can be easier.
Purchasing a license for a pipeline GIS is expensive in most cases, especially for the small and medium companies. Because of this, Rextag Strategies comes with the most cost effective licensing plan available on today’s market. The small and medium companies have the chance to purchase a license for the pipeline GIS according to the area and the products they are interested in.
There is extensive research done regarding the information presented to the customers in the Rextag Strategies pipeline map book and GIS from various sources like operators, governmental agencies, different postings, aerial photography and more.
This research is done prior to any release so you can avoid wasting precious time doing it yourself. All the products available here are of top quality and they can serve any interests. Just choose the one that you want and you will receive it in no time.
By: Ken Wilson
Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com
The team at Rextag Strategies has the customers’ interests at heart. This is why they have also launched wholesale offers for the buyers that want more than one pipeline map book and small priced pipeline GIS licenses for different areas of interest.
Gps Ionospheric Delay And Possible Solution To This Problem
GPS ionospheric delay is one of the most common issues with the gps navigation systems. Inconsistencies of atmospheric conditions affect the speed of the GPS signals as they pass through the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere. Correcting these errors is a significant challenge to improving GPS position accuracy.
These effects are smallest when the satellite is directly overhead and become greater for satellites nearer the horizon since the signal is affected for a longer time. Once the receiver’s approximate location is known, a mathematical model can be used to estimate and compensate for these errors.
Because ionospheric delay affects the speed of microwave signals differently based on frequency – a characteristic known as dispersion – both frequency bands can be used to help reduce this error. Some military and expensive survey-grade civilian receivers compare the different delay in the frequencies to measure atmosphere dispersion and apply a more precise correction.
This can be done in civilian GPS receivers without decrypting the P(Y) signal carried on L2 by tracking the carrier wave instead of the modulated code. To do this on lower cost receivers, a new civilian code signal on L2 called L2C was added to the satellies. This new signal allows a direct comparison of the L1 and L2 signals using the coded signal instead of the carrier wave.
The effects of the ionosphere generally change slowly and can be averaged over time. The effects for any particular geographical area can be easily calculated by comparing the GPS-measured position to a known surveyed location. This correction is also valid for other receivers in the same general location.
Several systems send this information over radio or other links to allow L1 only receivers to make corrections. The date is transmitted via satellite system and transmits it on the GPS frequency using a special pseudo-random number so only one antenna and receiver is required.
Humidity also causes a variable delay resulting in errors similar to ionospheric delay but occuring in the troposphere. This effect is more localized and changes more quickly than ionospheric effects and is not frequency dependent. These traits make it much more difficult to make precise measurement and compensation for humidity errors than with the ionospheric effects.
Changes in altitude also change the amount of delay due to the signal passing through less of the atmosphere at higher elevations. Since the GPS receiver computes its approximate altitude, this error is relatively simple to correct.
GPS signals can also be affected by multi-path issues where the radio signals reflect off of surrounding terrain such as buildings, canyon walls, and hard ground. These delayed signals can cause inaccuracy as a well.
To correct these errors, many techniques have been developed. How these techniques work depends on addressing the long delay multi-path or shorter delay multi-path. To know more on the solution on problems with gps system, please visit GPSAutoTracker.info for more tips on how to maximize the use of your gps system.
By: Audrey Ly
Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com
Thinking of buying a GPS system? Or already own one? Learn more about the inner workings of GPS systems by visiting GPSAutoTracker now. Learn about the various GPS system as well as understanding GPS issues and solutions.
